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Пересказ по команде sort

Функция команды – сортировать строки файла или ввода.

Порядок вывода строк по умолчанию:

1) Пустые строки

2) Строки, начинающиеся с пробела

3) Строки, начинающиеся с числа, по увеличению первой цифры

4) Строки с большой буквы в алфавитном порядке

5) Строки со строчной буквы в алфавитном порядке

Сортировка без опций:

sort test1.txt > sort_no_option.txt

sort numtest.txt > numsort.txt

sort monthtest.txt > monthsort.txt

==Опции==;

-b игнорировать пробелы вначале

Пустые строки идут раньше непустых, но остальные сортируются без учёта пробелов

sort -b test1.txt > sort-b.txt

-d учитывать только пробелы и буквенно-циферные символы

• Когда в файле есть строки, начинающиеся с других символов

-f не учитывать регистр

• sort -f test1.txt > sort-f.txt

-g сравнение чисел по числовому значению

• sort -g numtest.txt > num-g.txt

-M сортировка месяцев

• sort -M monthtest.txt > monthsort-M.txt

-r изменить порядок на обратный

sort -br test1.txt > sort-br.txt

-с проверка на отсортированность

Если порядок правильный, ничего не выводится. При вводе неотсортированного текста, например:

sort -c test1.txt

Вывод:

sort: test1.txt:2: disorder:

Опцию -c тоже можно комбинировать с другими. Например, при команде:

sort -cbr sort-br.txt

Ничего не выводится – порядок правильный.

-n

Для сортировки по числу необходимо указать колонку, в которой расположено число. Например:

sort -nk2 monthtest.txt > monthsort-nk2.txt

Сортирует по числам

Файлы

test1.txt

THE TRAGEDY OF HAMLET, PRINCE OF DENMARK

by William Shakespeare
2AAAA
1AAAA
Dramatis Personae

  Claudius, King of Denmark.
  Marcellus, Officer.
  Hamlet, son to the former, and nephew to the present king.
  Polonius, Lord Chamberlain.
  Horatio, friend to Hamlet.
  Laertes, son to Polonius.
  Voltemand, courtier.
  Cornelius, courtier.
  Rosencrantz, courtier.
  Guildenstern, courtier.
  Osric, courtier.
  A Gentleman, courtier.
  A Priest.
  Marcellus, officer.
  Bernardo, officer.
  Francisco, a soldier
  Reynaldo, servant to Polonius.
  Players.
  Two Clowns, gravediggers.
  Fortinbras, Prince of Norway.
  A Norwegian Captain.
  English Ambassadors.

  Getrude, Queen of Denmark, mother to Hamlet.
  Ophelia, daughter to Polonius.

  Ghost of Hamlet's Father.

  Lords, ladies, Officers, Soldiers, Sailors, Messengers, Attendants.

numtest.txt

1111111
2
000000000000
010101
999
3

monthtest.txt

AUG 1
MAR 7
FEB 11
JULE 15
SEPT 1
JUNE 31
MAY 1
NOV 10

APR 10
DEC 31
OCT 2
JAN 3

sort_no_option.txt

  A Gentleman, courtier.
  A Norwegian Captain.
  A Priest.
  Bernardo, officer.
  Claudius, King of Denmark.
  Cornelius, courtier.
  English Ambassadors.
  Fortinbras, Prince of Norway.
  Francisco, a soldier
  Getrude, Queen of Denmark, mother to Hamlet.
  Ghost of Hamlet's Father.
  Guildenstern, courtier.
  Hamlet, son to the former, and nephew to the present king.
  Horatio, friend to Hamlet.
  Laertes, son to Polonius.
  Lords, ladies, Officers, Soldiers, Sailors, Messengers, Attendants.
  Marcellus, Officer.
  Marcellus, officer.
  Ophelia, daughter to Polonius.
  Osric, courtier.
  Players.
  Polonius, Lord Chamberlain.
  Reynaldo, servant to Polonius.
  Rosencrantz, courtier.
  Two Clowns, gravediggers.
  Voltemand, courtier.
1AAAA
2AAAA
Dramatis Personae
THE TRAGEDY OF HAMLET, PRINCE OF DENMARK
by William Shakespeare

numsort.txt

000000000000
010101
1111111
2
3
999

monthsort.txt

APR 10
AUG 1
DEC 31
FEB 11
JAN 3
JULE 15
JUNE 31
MAR 7
MAY 1
NOV 10
OCT 2
SEPT 1

sort-b.txt

1AAAA
2AAAA
  A Gentleman, courtier.
  A Norwegian Captain.
  A Priest.
  Bernardo, officer.
  Claudius, King of Denmark.
  Cornelius, courtier.
Dramatis Personae
  English Ambassadors.
  Fortinbras, Prince of Norway.
  Francisco, a soldier
  Getrude, Queen of Denmark, mother to Hamlet.
  Ghost of Hamlet's Father.
  Guildenstern, courtier.
  Hamlet, son to the former, and nephew to the present king.
  Horatio, friend to Hamlet.
  Laertes, son to Polonius.
  Lords, ladies, Officers, Soldiers, Sailors, Messengers, Attendants.
  Marcellus, Officer.
  Marcellus, officer.
  Ophelia, daughter to Polonius.
  Osric, courtier.
  Players.
  Polonius, Lord Chamberlain.
  Reynaldo, servant to Polonius.
  Rosencrantz, courtier.
THE TRAGEDY OF HAMLET, PRINCE OF DENMARK
  Two Clowns, gravediggers.
  Voltemand, courtier.
by William Shakespeare

sort-f.txt

  A Gentleman, courtier.
  A Norwegian Captain.
  A Priest.
  Bernardo, officer.
  Claudius, King of Denmark.
  Cornelius, courtier.
  English Ambassadors.
  Fortinbras, Prince of Norway.
  Francisco, a soldier
  Getrude, Queen of Denmark, mother to Hamlet.
  Ghost of Hamlet's Father.
  Guildenstern, courtier.
  Hamlet, son to the former, and nephew to the present king.
  Horatio, friend to Hamlet.
  Laertes, son to Polonius.
  Lords, ladies, Officers, Soldiers, Sailors, Messengers, Attendants.
  Marcellus, Officer.
  Marcellus, officer.
  Ophelia, daughter to Polonius.
  Osric, courtier.
  Players.
  Polonius, Lord Chamberlain.
  Reynaldo, servant to Polonius.
  Rosencrantz, courtier.
  Two Clowns, gravediggers.
  Voltemand, courtier.
1AAAA
2AAAA
by William Shakespeare
Dramatis Personae
THE TRAGEDY OF HAMLET, PRINCE OF DENMARK

num-g.txt

000000000000
2
3
999
010101
1111111

monthsort-M.txt

JAN 3
FEB 11
MAR 7
APR 10
MAY 1
JUNE 31
JULE 15
AUG 1
SEPT 1
OCT 2
NOV 10
DEC 31

sort-br.txt

by William Shakespeare
  Voltemand, courtier.
  Two Clowns, gravediggers.
THE TRAGEDY OF HAMLET, PRINCE OF DENMARK
  Rosencrantz, courtier.
  Reynaldo, servant to Polonius.
  Polonius, Lord Chamberlain.
  Players.
  Osric, courtier.
  Ophelia, daughter to Polonius.
  Marcellus, officer.
  Marcellus, Officer.
  Lords, ladies, Officers, Soldiers, Sailors, Messengers, Attendants.
  Laertes, son to Polonius.
  Horatio, friend to Hamlet.
  Hamlet, son to the former, and nephew to the present king.
  Guildenstern, courtier.
  Ghost of Hamlet's Father.
  Getrude, Queen of Denmark, mother to Hamlet.
  Francisco, a soldier
  Fortinbras, Prince of Norway.
  English Ambassadors.
Dramatis Personae
  Cornelius, courtier.
  Claudius, King of Denmark.
  Bernardo, officer.
  A Priest.
  A Norwegian Captain.
  A Gentleman, courtier.
2AAAA
1AAAA

monthsort-nk2.txt

AUG 1
MAY 1
SEPT 1
OCT 2
JAN 3
MAR 7
APR 10
NOV 10
FEB 11
JULE 15
DEC 31
JUNE 31